/* ============================================================
       DESIGN TOKENS
    ============================================================ */
    :root {
      --bg:          #07111d;
      --bg-soft:     #0c1726;
      --bg-card:     rgba(12, 22, 39, 0.78);
      --text:        #ecf4ff;
      --muted:       #9bb0c7;
      --line:        rgba(128, 163, 201, 0.18);
      --primary:     #34c8ff;
      --accent:      #86ffcf;
      --danger:      #ff6b6b;
      --shadow:      0 24px 80px rgba(0,0,0,0.42);
      --radius-xl:   28px;
      --radius-lg:   20px;
      --radius-md:   14px;
      --max-width:   1240px;

      /* Z-index scale */
      --z-base:      1;
      --z-sticky:    10;
      --z-nav:       20;
      --z-modal:     100;
      --z-overlay:   200;
    }

    /* ============================================================
       RESET & BASE
    ============================================================ */
    *, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
    html { scroll-behavior: smooth; font-size: 16px; }

    body {
      font-family: "Segoe UI", Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
      color: var(--text);
      background:
        radial-gradient(circle at top left,  rgba(52,200,255,0.18), transparent 34%),
        radial-gradient(circle at top right, rgba(134,255,207,0.12), transparent 26%),
        linear-gradient(180deg, #050b14 0%, #07111d 36%, #081521 100%);
      overflow-x: hidden;
      -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    }

    /* Grid overlay */
    body::before {
      content: "";
      position: fixed; inset: 0;
      pointer-events: none; z-index: 0;
      background-image:
        linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,0.03) 1px, transparent 1px),
        linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.03) 1px, transparent 1px);
      background-size: 84px 84px;
      mask-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(255,255,255,0.45), transparent 86%);
    }

    /* Scan line — respect reduced-motion */
    body::after {
      content: "";
      position: fixed; inset: 0;
      pointer-events: none; z-index: 0;
      background:
        linear-gradient(90deg, transparent 0%, rgba(52,200,255,0.08) 48%, transparent 52%)
        0 0 / 280px 100%;
      animation: scan 14s linear infinite;
      opacity: 0.45;
    }

    @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
      body::after              { animation: none; opacity: 0; }
      *, *::before, *::after   { animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
                                  transition-duration: 0.01ms !important; }
    }

    a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }

    /* Skip link for keyboard/screen-reader users */
    .skip-link {
      position: absolute;
      top: -999px; left: 50%;
      transform: translateX(-50%);
      padding: 12px 24px;
      background: var(--primary); color: #04111e;
      border-radius: 0 0 var(--radius-md) var(--radius-md);
      font-weight: 700; z-index: var(--z-overlay);
      transition: top 0.2s;
    }
    .skip-link:focus { top: 0; }

    /* ============================================================
       LAYOUT HELPERS
    ============================================================ */
    .page-shell { position: relative; z-index: var(--z-base); }
    .container  { width: min(var(--max-width), calc(100vw - 32px)); margin: 0 auto; }

    /* ============================================================
       TOPBAR / NAVIGATION
    ============================================================ */
    .topbar {
      position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: var(--z-nav);
      backdrop-filter: blur(18px);
      background: rgba(5,11,20,0.82);
      border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(140,172,211,0.12);
    }

    .topbar-inner {
      display: flex; align-items: center;
      justify-content: space-between; gap: 20px; padding: 16px 0;
    }

    /* Brand */
    .brand { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px; min-width: 0; flex-shrink: 0; }

    .brand-logo {
      width: 42px; height: 42px; border-radius: 14px;
      object-fit: contain; flex-shrink: 0;
    }

    .brand-copy strong {
      display: block; font-size: 1rem;
      letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase;
    }
    .brand-copy span {
      display: block; color: var(--muted);
      font-size: 0.76rem; letter-spacing: 0.16em;
      text-transform: uppercase; margin-top: 2px;
    }

    /* Desktop nav */
    .nav-desktop {
      display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap;
    }
    .nav-desktop a {
      color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.9rem; padding: 7px 12px;
      border-radius: var(--radius-md);
      transition: color 0.2s, background 0.2s;
    }
    .nav-desktop a:hover,
    .nav-desktop a:focus-visible { color: var(--text); background: rgba(255,255,255,0.05); }
    .nav-desktop a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--primary); }

    .nav-cta {
      padding: 10px 18px !important;
      border-radius: 999px !important;
      border: 1px solid rgba(52,200,255,0.3) !important;
      background: rgba(52,200,255,0.1) !important;
      color: var(--text) !important;
      font-weight: 600 !important;
    }
    .nav-cta:hover { background: rgba(52,200,255,0.18) !important; }

    /* Lang toggle */
    .lang-toggle {
      display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0;
      border: 1px solid rgba(52,200,255,0.22);
      border-radius: 999px; overflow: hidden; flex-shrink: 0;
    }
    .lang-btn {
      padding: 7px 14px; font-size: 0.82rem; font-weight: 600;
      cursor: pointer; border: none; background: transparent;
      color: var(--muted); transition: background 0.2s, color 0.2s;
    }
    .lang-btn.active { background: rgba(52,200,255,0.15); color: var(--primary); }
    .lang-btn:hover:not(.active) { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.05); color: var(--text); }

    /* Hamburger */
    .hamburger {
      display: none; flex-direction: column; justify-content: center;
      gap: 5px; width: 40px; height: 40px; padding: 8px;
      border: 1px solid rgba(52,200,255,0.2); border-radius: var(--radius-md);
      background: rgba(52,200,255,0.06); cursor: pointer;
    }
    .hamburger span {
      display: block; height: 2px; border-radius: 2px;
      background: var(--text); transition: transform 0.3s, opacity 0.3s;
    }
    .hamburger[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(1) { transform: translateY(7px) rotate(45deg); }
    .hamburger[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
    .hamburger[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(3) { transform: translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg); }

    /* Mobile drawer */
    .nav-mobile {
      display: none; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px;
      padding: 16px 0 20px;
      border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    }
    .nav-mobile.open { display: flex; }
    .nav-mobile a {
      padding: 12px 16px; color: var(--muted); border-radius: var(--radius-md);
      font-size: 1rem; transition: background 0.2s, color 0.2s;
    }
    .nav-mobile a:hover,
    .nav-mobile a:focus-visible { color: var(--text); background: rgba(255,255,255,0.05); }
    .nav-mobile .nav-cta {
      margin-top: 8px; text-align: center;
      border: 1px solid rgba(52,200,255,0.3) !important;
      background: rgba(52,200,255,0.1) !important;
      color: var(--primary) !important;
      font-weight: 700 !important;
    }

    /* Focus visible global */
    :focus-visible {
      outline: 2px solid var(--primary);
      outline-offset: 3px;
      border-radius: 4px;
    }

    /* ============================================================
       SHARED COMPONENTS
    ============================================================ */
    .panel {
      border: 1px solid var(--line);
      border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
      background: linear-gradient(180deg,
        rgba(10,18,30,0.88), rgba(7,14,23,0.96));
      box-shadow: var(--shadow);
    }

    .eyebrow {
      display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
      padding: 9px 14px; border-radius: 999px;
      border: 1px solid rgba(52,200,255,0.18);
      background: rgba(52,200,255,0.08);
      color: #d5ecff; font-size: 0.84rem;
      letter-spacing: 0.12em; text-transform: uppercase;
      margin-bottom: 18px;
    }
    .eyebrow::before {
      content: ""; width: 8px; height: 8px; border-radius: 50%;
      background: var(--accent);
      box-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(134,255,207,0.8);
      flex-shrink: 0;
    }

    .section-tag {
      text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.16em;
      font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--primary);
    }

    .section-title {
      font-size: clamp(2rem, 4.2vw, 3.6rem);
      letter-spacing: -0.04em; line-height: 1.02;
    }

    .section-copy { color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.8; }

    .section-head { display: grid; gap: 16px; margin-bottom: 28px; }
    .section-title-wrap { display: grid; gap: 8px; max-width: 860px; }

    /* Subtitle shown in non-active language */
    .sub-title {
      margin: 0; color: #dcecff;
      font-size: clamp(0.95rem, 1.6vw, 1.25rem);
      line-height: 1.6; max-width: 56ch;
    }

    /* Buttons */
    .button {
      display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
      gap: 10px; min-height: 50px; padding: 0 24px;
      border-radius: 999px; border: 1px solid transparent;
      font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.95rem; cursor: pointer;
      transition: transform 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s, background 0.2s;
      white-space: nowrap;
    }
    .button:hover   { transform: translateY(-2px); }
    .button:active  { transform: translateY(0); }
    .button-primary {
      background: linear-gradient(135deg, #30c3ff, #1491ff);
      color: #04111e;
      box-shadow: 0 16px 34px rgba(27,143,255,0.28);
    }
    .button-primary:hover {
      box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(27,143,255,0.38);
    }
    .button-secondary {
      border-color: rgba(150,187,226,0.22);
      background: rgba(255,255,255,0.04);
      color: var(--text);
    }
    .button-secondary:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08); }

    /* Cards */
    .card {
      border: 1px solid rgba(151,184,220,0.14);
      background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
      box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
      border-radius: var(--radius-xl); padding: 24px;
      position: relative; overflow: hidden;
      transition: border-color 0.25s, transform 0.25s, box-shadow 0.25s;
    }
    .card:hover {
      border-color: rgba(52,200,255,0.22);
      transform: translateY(-3px);
      box-shadow: 0 20px 50px rgba(0,0,0,0.35),
                  inset 0 1px 0 rgba(52,200,255,0.08);
    }
    .card::after {
      content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0 0 auto; height: 1px;
      background: linear-gradient(90deg,
        transparent, rgba(52,200,255,0.35), transparent);
    }
    .card h3 { margin: 16px 0 10px; font-size: 1.2rem; }

    .card-index {
      display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
      width: 34px; height: 34px; border-radius: 11px;
      background: rgba(52,200,255,0.1);
      border: 1px solid rgba(52,200,255,0.16);
      color: var(--primary); font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: 700;
    }

    .card-sub {
      font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--muted);
      letter-spacing: 0.06em; margin-bottom: 10px;
    }

    /* Grids */
    .grid-4 { display: grid; gap: 16px; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
    .grid-3 { display: grid; gap: 16px; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); }
    .grid-2 { display: grid; gap: 16px; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }

    /* ============================================================
       HERO
    ============================================================ */
    .hero { padding: 48px 0 36px; }

    .hero-panel {
      padding: 36px; position: relative; overflow: hidden;
    }
    .hero-panel::before {
      content: ""; position: absolute; inset: auto -15% -20% auto;
      width: 460px; height: 460px;
      background: radial-gradient(circle, rgba(52,200,255,0.16), transparent 70%);
      filter: blur(12px); pointer-events: none;
    }

    .hero-grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(320px, 0.85fr);
      gap: 32px; position: relative; z-index: var(--z-base);
      align-items: start;
    }

    .hero h1 {
      font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 5.5vw, 5rem);
      letter-spacing: -0.04em; line-height: 1.02;
      max-width: 14ch; margin: 0;
    }

    .hero-desc {
      margin: 22px 0 0; max-width: 62ch;
      font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.8;
    }

    .hero-actions {
      display: flex; gap: 14px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 28px;
    }

    /* Hero aside card */
    .hero-card {
      border: 1px solid rgba(151,184,220,0.14);
      background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
      border-radius: var(--radius-xl); padding: 24px;
    }
    .hero-card-top {
      display: flex; justify-content: space-between;
      align-items: flex-start; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 20px;
    }
    .hero-card-top .label {
      text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.16em;
      font-size: 0.78rem; color: var(--muted);
    }
    .hero-card-top h2 {
      margin: 8px 0 0; font-size: 1.35rem; line-height: 1.3;
    }
    .status-chip {
      padding: 7px 10px; border-radius: 999px; white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 0;
      border: 1px solid rgba(134,255,207,0.24);
      background: rgba(134,255,207,0.08);
      font-size: 0.74rem; color: #ddfff1; font-weight: 600;
    }
    .signal-grid {
      display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
      gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 20px;
    }
    .signal {
      border: 1px solid rgba(151,184,220,0.12);
      background: rgba(255,255,255,0.02);
      border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 16px; min-height: 110px;
    }
    .signal strong { display: block; font-size: 1.5rem; margin-bottom: 8px; }
    .signal span   { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.88rem; line-height: 1.6; }

    .hero-card-note {
      border-top: 1px solid rgba(158,186,220,0.12);
      padding-top: 16px; color: var(--muted);
      font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.7;
    }

    /* ============================================================
       METRICS STRIP
    ============================================================ */
    .metrics {
      display: grid; gap: 16px;
      grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
    .metric-card {
      border: 1px solid rgba(151,184,220,0.14);
      background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
      border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 22px;
      transition: border-color 0.25s, transform 0.25s;
    }
    .metric-card:hover {
      border-color: rgba(52,200,255,0.2);
      transform: translateY(-2px);
    }
    .metric-card strong {
      display: block; font-size: 1.15rem;
      margin-bottom: 8px; color: var(--text);
    }
    .metric-card span { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.6; }

    /* ============================================================
       SECTIONS — general
    ============================================================ */
    section { padding: 36px 0; }

    /* ============================================================
       SECURITY LAB
    ============================================================ */
    .lab-panel {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.25fr) minmax(280px, 0.85fr);
      gap: 28px; padding: 32px; align-items: start;
    }
    .lab-visual { display: grid; gap: 12px; }
    .lab-node {
      border: 1px solid rgba(151,184,220,0.14);
      background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
      border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 18px 20px;
    }
    .lab-node strong {
      display: block; margin-bottom: 6px;
      color: #edf6ff; font-size: 1rem;
    }
    .lab-node span { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.6; }

    /* ============================================================
       VISION
    ============================================================ */
    .vision-panel {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(260px, 0.9fr);
      gap: 28px; padding: 32px; align-items: center;
    }
    .vision-grid { display: grid; gap: 12px; }
    .vision-item {
      border: 1px solid rgba(151,184,220,0.14);
      background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
      border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 18px 20px;
    }
    .vision-item strong {
      display: block; margin-bottom: 6px; color: #edf6ff;
    }
    .vision-item span { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.6; }

    /* ============================================================
       STACK
    ============================================================ */
    .stack-items {
      display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 10px; margin-top: 24px;
    }
    .stack-items span {
      display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 42px;
      padding: 0 16px; border-radius: 999px;
      border: 1px solid rgba(151,184,220,0.18);
      background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
      font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.9rem; color: var(--text);
      transition: border-color 0.2s, background 0.2s;
    }
    .stack-items span:hover {
      border-color: rgba(52,200,255,0.28);
      background: rgba(52,200,255,0.06);
    }

    /* ============================================================
       CTA
    ============================================================ */
    .cta-panel {
      display: grid; gap: 22px;
      text-align: center; justify-items: center;
      padding: 48px 28px;
      background:
        radial-gradient(circle at top center, rgba(52,200,255,0.16), transparent 36%),
        linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(10,19,32,0.92), rgba(8,15,26,0.98));
    }
    .cta-panel h2 { max-width: 15ch; }
    .cta-panel p {
      max-width: 62ch; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.8;
    }
    .cta-actions {
      display: flex; gap: 14px; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center;
    }

    /* ============================================================
       CONTACT FORM
    ============================================================ */
    .contact-panel {
      padding: 36px;
      background:
        radial-gradient(circle at top left, rgba(52,200,255,0.08), transparent 40%),
        linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(10,18,30,0.9), rgba(7,14,23,0.97));
    }
    .contact-grid {
      display: grid;
      grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1.1fr);
      gap: 40px; align-items: start;
    }
    .contact-form { display: grid; gap: 16px; }
    .form-row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 16px; }
    .field { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 8px; }
    .field label {
      font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: 600;
      color: #c8daf0; letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    }
    .field input,
    .field textarea,
    .field select {
      padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: var(--radius-md);
      border: 1px solid rgba(151,184,220,0.2);
      background: rgba(255,255,255,0.04); color: var(--text);
      font-size: 0.95rem; font-family: inherit;
      transition: border-color 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
      width: 100%;
    }
    .field input::placeholder,
    .field textarea::placeholder { color: rgba(155,176,199,0.55); }
    .field input:focus,
    .field textarea:focus,
    .field select:focus {
      border-color: rgba(52,200,255,0.45);
      box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(52,200,255,0.1);
      outline: none;
    }
    .field textarea { resize: vertical; min-height: 120px; }
    .field select option { background: #0c1726; }
    .form-note { font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--muted); }
    #form-feedback {
      display: none; padding: 14px 18px;
      border-radius: var(--radius-md); font-size: 0.9rem; font-weight: 600;
    }
    #form-feedback.success {
      display: block; background: rgba(134,255,207,0.1);
      border: 1px solid rgba(134,255,207,0.3); color: var(--accent);
    }
    #form-feedback.error {
      display: block; background: rgba(255,107,107,0.1);
      border: 1px solid rgba(255,107,107,0.3); color: var(--danger);
    }
    .contact-info { display: grid; gap: 20px; }
    .contact-info-item {
      border: 1px solid rgba(151,184,220,0.12);
      background: rgba(255,255,255,0.02);
      border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 20px 22px;
    }
    .contact-info-item strong {
      display: block; margin-bottom: 6px;
      color: var(--primary); font-size: 0.85rem;
      text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    }
    .contact-info-item a,
    .contact-info-item p { color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.7; font-size: 0.95rem; }
    .contact-info-item a:hover { color: var(--text); }

    /* ============================================================
       FOOTER
    ============================================================ */
    .footer { padding: 24px 0 52px; }
    .footer-panel {
      display: grid; gap: 32px;
      grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.2fr) repeat(3, minmax(0, 0.8fr));
      border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-top: 28px;
    }
    .footer-column { display: grid; gap: 10px; align-content: start; }
    .footer-column strong {
      display: block; margin-bottom: 4px; color: #edf6ff;
      font-size: 0.9rem; letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    }
    .footer-column a,
    .footer-column span {
      color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.6;
      transition: color 0.2s;
    }
    .footer-column a:hover { color: var(--text); }
    .footer-brand p { color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.9rem; line-height: 1.7; margin-top: 12px; }
    .footer-bottom {
      margin-top: 24px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 0.88rem;
      border-top: 1px solid rgba(128,163,201,0.1); padding-top: 20px;
      display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
      flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px;
    }

    /* ============================================================
       LANGUAGE SWITCHING
    ============================================================ */
    [data-lang="en"] { display: none; }
    html[lang="en"] [data-lang="ar"] { display: none; }
    html[lang="en"] [data-lang="en"] { display: block; }

    /* inline elements need inline not block */
    span[data-lang], a[data-lang] {
      display: none;
    }
    html[lang="en"] span[data-lang="en"],
    html[lang="en"] a[data-lang="en"] { display: inline; }
    html[lang="ar"] span[data-lang="ar"],
    html[lang="ar"] a[data-lang="ar"] { display: inline; }
    html[lang="ar"] [data-lang="ar"]:not(span):not(a) { display: block; }

    /* Flip flex/grid direction for RTL hero actions */
    html[lang="en"] .hero-actions,
    html[lang="en"] .cta-actions { flex-direction: row; }

    /* ============================================================
       ANIMATIONS
    ============================================================ */
    @keyframes scan {
      0%   { transform: translateX(-24%); }
      100% { transform: translateX(24%); }
    }

    @keyframes fade-up {
      from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px); }
      to   { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
    }

    .animate-on-scroll {
      opacity: 0; transform: translateY(20px);
      transition: opacity 0.6s ease, transform 0.6s ease;
    }
    .animate-on-scroll.visible { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }

    @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
      .animate-on-scroll { opacity: 1; transform: none; transition: none; }
    }

    /* ============================================================
       CASE STUDY CARD
    ============================================================ */
    .case-label {
      display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 12px;
      color: var(--primary); letter-spacing: 0.1em;
      text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 0.8rem; font-weight: 700;
    }

    /* ============================================================
       RESPONSIVE
    ============================================================ */
    @media (max-width: 1080px) {
      .hero-grid,
      .lab-panel,
      .vision-panel,
      .footer-panel,
      .metrics,
      .grid-4,
      .grid-3      { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
      .contact-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    }

    @media (max-width: 760px) {
      .topbar-inner        { flex-wrap: wrap; }
      .nav-desktop         { display: none; }
      .hamburger           { display: flex; }
      .hero-panel,
      .lab-panel,
      .vision-panel,
      .cta-panel,
      .contact-panel       { padding: 22px; }
      .hero h1             { max-width: none; }
      .hero-actions        { flex-direction: column; }
      .hero-actions .button { width: 100%; justify-content: center; }
      .signal-grid         { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
      .form-row            { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
      .footer-panel        { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
      .footer-bottom       { flex-direction: column; text-align: center; }
      .grid-2              { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    }

    @media (max-width: 480px) {
      .lang-toggle         { display: none; } /* hide on very small, accessible via menu */
    }
    /* ============================================================
       LANGUAGE SWITCHING
    ============================================================ */
    [data-lang="en"] { display: none; }
    html[lang="en"] [data-lang="ar"] { display: none; }
    html[lang="en"] [data-lang="en"] { display: block; }

    /* inline elements need inline not block */
    span[data-lang], a[data-lang], strong[data-lang], h1[data-lang], h2[data-lang], h3[data-lang], h4[data-lang], p[data-lang] {
      display: none;
    }
    
    html[lang="en"] span[data-lang="en"],
    html[lang="en"] a[data-lang="en"],
    html[lang="en"] strong[data-lang="en"] { display: inline; }
    
    html[lang="en"] h1[data-lang="en"],
    html[lang="en"] h2[data-lang="en"],
    html[lang="en"] h3[data-lang="en"],
    html[lang="en"] h4[data-lang="en"],
    html[lang="en"] p[data-lang="en"],
    html[lang="en"] div[data-lang="en"] { display: block; }

    html[lang="ar"] span[data-lang="ar"],
    html[lang="ar"] a[data-lang="ar"],
    html[lang="ar"] strong[data-lang="ar"] { display: inline; }
    
    html[lang="ar"] h1[data-lang="ar"],
    html[lang="ar"] h2[data-lang="ar"],
    html[lang="ar"] h3[data-lang="ar"],
    html[lang="ar"] h4[data-lang="ar"],
    html[lang="ar"] p[data-lang="ar"],
    html[lang="ar"] div[data-lang="ar"] { display: block; }

    /* Flex containers */
    html[lang="en"] .hero-actions[data-lang="en"],
    html[lang="ar"] .hero-actions[data-lang="ar"] { display: flex; }